Signs of Bloat in Dogs: How to Spot This Life-Threatening Emergency Early

As a dog owner, you know your companion's moods and behaviours better than anyone. So when your dog seems unwell, you notice. 

While it could be something minor, it's important to be aware of the more serious possibilities. 

Recognizing the signs of bloat in a dog is a critical skill that can help you protect your pup from this rapidly escalating condition.

Bloat, or Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV), is a life-threatening emergency that requires immediate veterinary intervention. Knowing the symptoms gives you the power to act quickly and could save your dog's life.

So, What is Bloat in Dogs?

Bloat, or Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV), is a severe, life-threatening condition. It occurs in two stages. 

First, the stomach fills with gas, fluid, or food, causing it to swell and expand like a balloon (dilatation). This initial stage puts pressure on the surrounding organs. It can cause breathing difficulties and decreased blood flow.

The situation becomes more critical if the swollen stomach twists on itself (volvulus), trapping the gas and blood supply inside. This cuts off blood flow to the stomach and other vital organs.  It can also tear the stomach wall and damage the spleen and other organs. 

Without immediate treatment, this chain of events can send a dog into shock and can be fatal in a matter of hours.

We are always ready to assist, just call or visit! 

What Causes Bloat in Dogs, and Which Dogs Are at Risk?

The exact cause of bloat is still not fully understood by veterinarians and researchers. However, several factors are known to increase a dog's risk.

At-Risk Breeds and Body Shape

Genetics and body shape play a significant role. Large and giant-breed dogs with deep, narrow chests are most susceptible to bloat. 

Breeds commonly affected include:

• Great Danes
• Standard Poodles
• German Shepherds
• Basset Hounds
• Weimaraners
• Saint Bernards
• Gordon Setters
• Irish Setters

Although these breeds are at higher risk, remember that any dog can experience bloat.

Other Contributing Factors

Beyond breed, other factors can increase the risk:

• Eating one large meal a day, eating too quickly, or drinking large amounts of water immediately after a meal.
• Vigorous exercise too soon before or after eating. 
• The risk of bloat increases as a dog gets older.
• Anxious or fearful dogs may be more prone to the condition.
• Dogs with a direct relative that has had bloat are at a higher risk themselves.

What are the Critical Signs of Bloat in a Dog to Watch For?

Dog bloat symptoms can appear suddenly and worsen quickly. Being able to spot them is crucial for a fast response.

Early Warning Signs

Initially, the signs can be subtle. Your dog might seem uncomfortable or anxious for no apparent reason. Watch for:

• Restlessness, pacing, or an inability to lie down comfortably.
• Looking at their stomach or whining.
• Appearing anxious or distressed.

Advanced Symptoms of Bloat in Dogs

As the condition worsens, the symptoms become much more severe. 

• An enlarged, swollen, hard abdomen. Their belly may look distended or feel tight like a drum.
• Unproductive retching or gagging. Your dog may try to vomit, but bring up nothing except foamy saliva.
• Laboured breathing or shortness of breath.
• Excessive drooling or salivating.
• Weakness, collapse, or inability to stand up.
• Pale gums.

What to do if You Suspect Your Dog Has Bloat?

If you notice any combination of these signs, treat it as an emergency. Do not wait to see if the symptoms improve on their own.

H4: Contact us immediately!

Explain the symptoms you are seeing and let us know that you're on your way. 

At Oxford Animal Hospital, we're equipped to handle urgent situations. Prompt action is the most crucial factor for a successful outcome, and our team is experienced in providing emergency pet care for the Edmonton community.

How Vets Treat Bloat and How You Can Help Prevent It

Veterinary care for bloat is intensive and time-sensitive. Understanding the treatment process and preventative measures can help you make informed decisions.

How is Bloat Treated?

The first priority for a veterinarian is to stabilize your dog. This often involves administering IV fluids to treat shock and decompressing the stomach to relieve pressure.

Once your pup is stable, emergency surgery is required to untwist the stomach and assess for any damage to internal organs.

During this surgery, the vet will likely perform a procedure called a prophylactic gastropexy. This involves tacking the stomach to the abdominal wall to prevent it from twisting again in the future.

How to Help Prevent Bloat?

While you can't prevent bloat entirely, you can do a few things to reduce the risk. 

• Feed your dog smaller, more frequent meals instead of one large one.
• Use a slow-feeder bowl to prevent your dog from eating too quickly.
• Avoid strenuous exercise for at least an hour before and after meals.
• Ensure fresh water is always available, but discourage them from drinking large amounts right after eating.

For high-risk breeds, a preventative gastropexy can be performed, often at the same time as a spay or neuter procedure. You can discuss this and other options with your vet during your doggo's regular healthcare visit. 

Our team is here to support you and your pet, from routine wellness checks to urgent care. 

We're here to empower you with the knowledge to be the best possible caregiver for your furry family member.

Reach out to us today. 

Disclaimer: The information in this blog is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice. For any health concerns regarding your pet, please schedule an appointment with our veterinary team.

Sources used in no particular order: 

• https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/bloat-in-dogs/ 
• https://www.petmd.com/dog/conditions/digestive/bloat-in-dogs 
• https://www.bluecross.org.uk/advice/dog/health-and-injuries/bloat-in-dogs 
• https://www.webmd.com/pets/dogs/gastric-volvulus-bloat-dogs 
• https://www.iams.com/dog/dog-articles/recognizing-signs-bloat-your-dog 
• https://www.acvs.org/small-animal/gastric-dilatation-volvulus/ 

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